A. Allocating memory for use by programs
B. Allocating CPU time for use by programs
C. Creating menus in GUI programs
D. Controlling access to the hard disk
E. Enabling programs to use a network
2. Which of the following is an example of an embedded Linux OS?
A. Android
B. SUSE
C. CentOS
D. Debian
E. Fedora
3. Which of the following is a notable difference between Linux and Mac OS X?
A. Linux can run common GNU programs, whereas OS X cannot.
B. Linux’s GUI is based on the X Window System, whereas
OS X’s is not.
C. Linux cannot run on Apple Macintosh hardware, whereas
OS X can run only on Apple hardware.
D. Linux relies heavily on BSD software, whereas OS X
uses no BSD software.
E. Linux supports text-mode commands, but OS X is a GUI
only OS.
4. The Linux kernel is derived from the BSD kernel.
True or False
5. If you log into a Linux system in graphical mode, you cannot use text-mode commands in that session.
True or False
6. CentOS is a Linux distribution with a long release cycle.
True or False
7. A Linux text-mode login prompt reads _________
(one word).
8. A common security problem with Windows that’s
essentially nonexistent on Linux is _________.
9. Pre-release software that’s likely to contain bugs is known as _________ and _________.
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Answers
1. C
GUI programs create menus with the help of a library that’s
designed for this purpose; this is not a function of the Linux kernel.
Thus, option C is a non-kernel
function, and is correct. The kernel allocates memory
and CPU time, and it also controls access to disk and network hardware,
so options A, B, D, and E all
describe kernel functions and are incorrect.
2. A
Android is used on cell phones and other small portable devices, and as such it qualifies as an embedded OS, making option A correct. SUSE, CentOS, Debian, and Fedora are all examples of distributions intended mainly for use on desktop, laptop, and server computers; these do not qualify as embedded OSs, so options B, C, D, and E are all incorrect.
3. B
inux’s GUI is based on the X Window System. Although OS
X provides an X implementation, its primary GUI is Apple’s proprietary
product. Thus, option
B is correct. Option A is incorrect because both Linux
and OS X can run most GNU programs. Option C is incorrect becaus e Linux
can run on both Apple Macintosh and commodity PC hardware. Option D is
incorrect because OS X includes many BSD utilities in its standard form.
Furthermore, most Linux distributions use GNU utilities rather than their
BSD equivalents, although you can use BSD utilities in Linux if you prefer.
Option E is incorrect because both Linux and OS X support text-mode commands,
although OS X makes it hard to use these commands in anything but its GUI
Terminal application.
4. False
The Linux kernel was intended as a “from-scratch” project
to create a new Unix-like kernel. Although there are influences and similarities,
the two kernels
are largely independent of each other.
5. False
Programs known as terminals enable entry of text-mode
commands once you’ve logged into Linux in GUI mode. You can also switch
between multiple
virtual terminals by using keystrokes such as Ctrl+Alt+F2.
6. True CentOS’s release cycle is approximately 2 years,
which is long by the standards of Linux distributions, some of which have
release cycles of just 6
months.
7. login:
8. viruses
9. alpha and beta
