1. In SAP how can a user view a list of all changed entries in customizing tables?
  2. What is Logical Database?
  3. What is database utility?
  4. Difference between LIKE and TYPE?
  5. What is a Foreign Key and its use?
  6. What is a Value Table?
  7. What is a check table?
  8. What is a Foreign Key table?
  9. How many types of table buffering are there?
10. What is an index? What is the use of an index?
11. In how many ways we can modify SAP tables?

1. Customizing Tables Entries:

Not possible for user to view.  Only SAP consultant are normally given the rights to view the changed entries in customizing tables.

2. Logical Database:

Logical Databases are special ABAP programs that retrieve data from DATABASE and make it available to Application programs.They can read the lines of the related tables one after another into an executable program in a sequence which is normally defined by the hierarchical structure.

3. Database Utility:

The Database Utility provides the interface between the ABAP dictionary and the underlying Database Management  System(DBMS). It supports the creation of tables and secondary indices on the Database.

4. Like and Type:

LIKE means the datatype of the variable is similar to the referenced variable.

TYPE means it is a predefined data type.

Eg: 
DATA int TYPE i.
Here int is of integer data type.

DATA var LIKE int.
var IS a variable having same data type of int. which in turn is integer.

You can find these helpful when you reference database table variables... You need not know what is the datatype defined. 
Also it adds to FLEXIBILITY.
Whenever you make changes to your database tables and fields,
that change is REFLECTED back to your program that is,
You need not change all your program code when you change your table fields...

5. Foreign Key:

Foreign key is a field or a combination of fields  that  represents the Primary key of another table.

6. Value Table:

The Value table contains the set of allowed values attached to a domain. In most of the cases the value table and the check table will be the same.

7. Check Table: 

The table that is referenced by the foreign key is called the Check table. It is also called as "PARENT" table or "REFERENCED" table. A Check table is identical to a Value table or is another table containing a subset of records in a Value table.

8. Foreign Key Table:

The table containing fields that are the primary key of the other table.The foreign key table is also known as "CHILD" table or "DEPENDENT" table.

9.  Table  Buffering:

The buffering type defines which table records are loaded into the buffer of the application server when a table record is accessed.They are the following.

i. Full Buffering:
All the records of the table is loaded into the buffer if one    record of the table is accessed.

ii. Generic Buffering:
When a record of the table is accessed, all the records having this record in the Generic key fields are loaded into the buffer.

iii. Single Records Buffering:
Only the records of a table  that are really accessed  are loaded into the buffer.

10. Index:

Indexes speed up data selection from the database. They consist of selected fields of a table of which a copy is then made in a sorted order.If you specify the index fields in the WHERE  or HAVING clause correctly the system only searches the part of the index ( index range scan). If you don't specify the index fields the system searches the entire table (full table scan).

11. Modify Tables:

Normally 4 ways or more as it also depends on the types of table. 

Tables modification can done via Abap program or SM30 or LSMW or CATT.

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